1. Killing male one-day-old chicks, especially from layer lines, is banned in some European countries. Therefore, dual-purpose chickens, where each sex is used for meat and egg production, respectively, offer an alternative production solution. This study evaluated the British purebred breed Ixworth as a dual-purpose chicken for meat and egg production.2. Ixworth chicks (n = 167) were hatched and reared mixed-sex in a floor housing system, with two groups receiving a commercial pullet diet (treatment 1) and two groups receiving a diet composed for males of layer lines (treatment 2). Individual chick performance data were recorded. Males were slaughtered at 12 weeks of age, and their growth rate and carcase variables were analysed. All hens were continuously reared on the pullet diet and kept in a free-range system from 20 weeks old for one laying period (52 weeks). In addition, group-based feed consumption and mortality were recorded.3. Cockerels in treatment 1 and 2 showed significantly different [T(88) = -2.846, P = 0.003] growth rates (25.3 vs. 27.4 g/day) and average final weights (2166 g vs. 2344 g). The hens in treatment 1 (n = 41) laid an average of 193 eggs per hen housed (mean egg weight: 56.9 g), whereas those in treatment 2 (n = 35) laid 195 eggs per hen housed (mean egg weight: 56.5 g). Nest acceptance was >97.5% and feed consumption was up to 140 g/bird/day.4. The results showed that the Ixworth may be a suitable breed for dual-purpose use and could be improved through selective breeding, offering potential for preservation of this local breed as well as general biodiversity in poultry farming.
Keywords: Domestic chicken; egg production; growth performance; individual performance; kinship correlation; local chicken breed.