Systemic and local inflammatory response after implantation of biomaterial in critical bone injuries

Acta Cir Bras. 2023 Oct 13:38:e383823. doi: 10.1590/acb383823. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate inflammatory response in critical bone injuries after implantation of the biomaterial composed of hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly (lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA)/BLEED.

Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats (280 ± 20 grams) were divided into two groups: control group (CG), in which the animals do not receive any type of treatment; and biomaterial group (BG), in which the animals received the HA/PLGA/BLEED scaffold. Critical bone injury was induced in the medial region of the skull calotte with the aid of a trephine drill 8 mm in diameter. The biomaterial was implanted in the form of 1.5-mm thick scaffolds. Serum and calotte were collected at one, three and seven days.

Results: Biomaterial had a significant effect on the morphological structure of the bone, accelerating osteoblast activation within three days, without causing exacerbated systemic inflammation. In addition, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that BG induced upregulation of osteogenic genes such as runt-related transcription factor 2, and stimulated genes of inflammatory pathways such as tumor necrosis factor-α, on the first day without overexpressing genes related to bone matrix degradation, such as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9.

Conclusions: The HA/PLGA/BLEED® association can be used as a bone graft to aid bone repair, as it is capable of modulating expression of important genes at this stage of the repair process.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biocompatible Materials* / pharmacology
  • Bone Regeneration
  • Durapatite / chemistry
  • Male
  • Osteogenesis
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Tissue Scaffolds* / chemistry

Substances

  • Biocompatible Materials
  • Durapatite