Early life adversity and adolescent sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic

Stress Health. 2024 Jun;40(3):e3332. doi: 10.1002/smi.3332. Epub 2023 Oct 18.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a reorganization of adolescents' routines, especially their sleep schedules. Utilising 175 caregiver-adolescent dyads, the current study examined associations of biological (e.g., prenatal substance use), environmental (e.g., poverty), and relational (e.g., child maltreatment) subtypes of early life adversity (ELA) with various components of adolescents' sleep across the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Relational ELA explained unique variance in adolescents' sleep disturbances, but not other sleep components, following short- and longer-term exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the direction of this association switched such that relational ELA predicted decreased sleep disturbances during the initial phase of the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020 beyond pre-pandemic levels, but, over time, contributed to increased sleep disturbances beyond early-pandemic levels as the pandemic extended into the winter of 2020.

Keywords: COVID‐19; adolescence; early life adversity; longitudinal research; sleep.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adverse Childhood Experiences* / statistics & numerical data
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / psychology
  • Child
  • Child Abuse / psychology
  • Child Abuse / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Poverty
  • Sleep Wake Disorders* / epidemiology
  • Sleep Wake Disorders* / psychology
  • United States / epidemiology