The first record of Brachylaima ezohelicis (Trematoda: Brachylaimidae) in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes schrencki)

Parasitol Int. 2024 Feb:98:102826. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2023.102826. Epub 2023 Nov 19.

Abstract

Brachylaima spp. are trematodes that have a unique life cycle as they exclusively use land snails as the intermediate host. Although their intermediate host has been well studied, very little information is available about their definitive host, partly as isolation of its adult stage from wild animals is rare. We found three trematodes in the small intestine of a red fox (Vulpes vulpes schrencki) in Hokkaido, the northernmost island of Japan. The trematodes were identified as Brachylaima ezohelicis based on morphological features and genetic analysis, which is believed to have a definitive avian host. The morphological features of the isolated trematodes were consistent with B. ezohelicis samples grown in the definitive host except for body length. Our study suggests that B. ezohelicis uses mammals as definitive hosts as well as birds.

Keywords: Brachylaima spp.; Parasite; Trematoda; Vulpes vulpes schrencki.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Birds
  • Foxes
  • Japan
  • Life Cycle Stages
  • Trematoda* / anatomy & histology
  • Trematoda* / genetics
  • Trematode Infections* / epidemiology
  • Trematode Infections* / veterinary