The Berlin-Brandenburg Air Study-A Methodological Study Paper of a Natural Experiment Investigating Health Effects Related to Changes in Airport-Related Exposures

Int J Public Health. 2023 Nov 17:68:1606096. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1606096. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Objectives: This paper presents the study design of the Berlin-Brandenburg Air study (BEAR-study). We measure air quality in Berlin and Brandenburg before and after the relocation of aircraft (AC) traffic from Tegel (TXL) airport to the new Berlin-Brandenburg airport (BER) and investigate the association of AC-related ultrafine particles (UFP) with health outcomes in schoolchildren. Methods: The BEAR-study is a natural experiment examining schoolchildren attending schools near TXL and BER airports, and in control areas (CA) away from both airports and associated air corridors. Each child undergoes repeated school-based health-examinations. Total particle number concentration (PNC) and meteorological parameters are continuously monitored. Submicrometer particle number size distribution, equivalent black carbon, and gas-phase pollutants are collected from long-term air quality monitoring stations. Daily source-specific UFP concentrations are modeled. We will analyze short-term effects of UFP on respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive outcomes, as well as medium and long-term effects on lung growth and cognitive development. Results: We examined 1,070 children (as of 30 November 2022) from 16 schools in Berlin and Brandenburg. Conclusion: The BEAR study increases the understanding of how AC-related UFP affect children's health.

Keywords: air pollution; children’s environmental health; exposure assessment; methodological study; particulate matter.

MeSH terms

  • Air Pollutants* / adverse effects
  • Air Pollutants* / analysis
  • Air Pollution* / adverse effects
  • Air Pollution* / analysis
  • Airports
  • Berlin
  • Child
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Humans
  • Particulate Matter / analysis

Substances

  • Air Pollutants
  • Particulate Matter

Grants and funding

The BEAR study is funded by the German Research Council (HO 3314/13-1, WI 5556/2-1, CY 68/5-1), and air pollution modeling is part of the ULTRAFLEB project (“Ultrafeinstaubbelastung durch Flughäfen in Berlin”) funded by the German Federal Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt; FKZ 3720522010; AZ. 54 551/4). MG is supported by a Miguel Servet fellowship (CPII18/00018) from the Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III.