The Expansion of Genetic Testing in Cardiovascular Medicine: Preparing the Cardiology Community for the Changing Landscape

Curr Cardiol Rep. 2024 Mar;26(3):135-146. doi: 10.1007/s11886-023-02003-4. Epub 2024 Jan 26.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Pathogenic DNA variants underlie many cardiovascular disease phenotypes. The most well-recognized of these include familial dyslipidemias, cardiomyopathies, arrhythmias, and aortopathies. The clinical presentations of monogenic forms of cardiovascular disease are often indistinguishable from those with complex genetic and non-genetic etiologies, making genetic testing an essential aid to precision diagnosis.

Recent findings: Precision diagnosis enables efficient management, appropriate use of emerging targeted therapies, and follow-up of at-risk family members. Genetic testing for these conditions is widely available but under-utilized. In this review, we summarize the potential benefits of genetic testing, highlighting the specific cardiovascular disease phenotypes in which genetic testing should be considered, and how clinicians can integrate guideline-directed genetic testing into their practice.

Keywords: Cardiovascular genetics; Genetic testing; Genetics; Inherited heart disease.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Cardiology*
  • Cardiomyopathies* / genetics
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / genetics
  • Genetic Testing
  • Humans
  • Phenotype