Malignancy risk of indeterminate lymph node at the central compartment in patients with thyroid cancer and concomitant sonographic thyroiditis

Head Neck. 2024 Aug;46(8):1922-1931. doi: 10.1002/hed.27670. Epub 2024 Feb 2.

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the malignancy risk of sonographic (US) indeterminate lymph node (LN)s at the central compartment in thyroid cancer patients with US-thyroiditis (ST).

Methods: Among the central compartments of suspicious, indeterminate, and probably benign LN US categories, the malignancy rates were compared between ST and non-US-thyroiditis (non-ST) groups. Those of indeterminate category were compared with suspicious and probably benign categories.

Results: At 531 central compartments from 349 patients, the malignancy rate was lower in ST group (34.4% [44/128]) than non-ST group (43.4% [175/403]), although statistically not significant (p = 0.08). The malignancy rate of indeterminate category in ST group (35.7% [5/14]) was lower than non-ST group (71.9% [23/32]) (p = 0.047). Within ST group, the malignancy rate of indeterminate category (35.7% [5/14]) did not differ from probably benign category (29.1% [30/103]) (p = 0.756), but was lower than suspicious category (81.8% [9/11]) (p = 0.042).

Conclusions: The malignancy risk of US indeterminate LNs at the central compartment in thyroid cancer patients with US thyroiditis was lower than that in patients without US thyroiditis.

Keywords: diagnostic imaging; lymph nodes; thyroid cancer; thyroiditis; ultrasonography.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymph Nodes* / diagnostic imaging
  • Lymph Nodes* / pathology
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Thyroid Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Thyroid Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Thyroiditis* / complications
  • Thyroiditis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Ultrasonography*
  • Young Adult