Partial Patellar Tendon Tears in Athletes: A Systematic Review of Treatment Options, Outcomes, and Return to Sport

Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2024 Feb 7:16:92644. doi: 10.52965/001c.92644. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Partial patellar tendon tears (PPTTs) are overuse injuries in sports with frequent jumping, such as basketball and volleyball. There are several treatment options, including both operative and non-operative modalities. Current literature is largely focused broadly on patellar tendinopathy; however, there are few studies which specifically evaluate treatment outcomes for PPTTs.

Objective: To systematically review the literature on treatment options, clinical outcomes, and return to sport (RTS) in athletes with a PPTT.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched through May 1st, 2023 for studies reporting treatment outcomes in athletes with partial patellar tendon tears. Data was extracted on the following topics: treatment modalities, surgical failures/reoperations, surgical complications, RTS, and postoperative time to RTS.

Results: The review covers 11 studies with 454 athletes: 343 males (86.2%) and 55 females (13.8%). The average age was 25.8 years, ranging from 15 to 55 years. 169 patients (37.2%) received only non-operative treatments, while 295 (65.0%) underwent surgery. 267 patients (92.1%) returned to sports after 3.9 months of treatment. The average follow-up was 55.8 months.

Conclusion: Our review of current literature on PPTTs in athletes illustrates over 90% return to sport following either conservative or surgical treatment. There is currently little data that directly compares the treatment options to establish an evidence-based "gold-standard" treatment plan. The data we present suggests that current treatment options are satisfactory but would benefit from future study.

Keywords: Partial patellar tendon tear; athlete; partial patellar tendon rupture; return to sport..

Grants and funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.