The characterization of the pectin/alginate nanoparticle for encapsulation of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-complexed naringin and its effects on cellular uptake and oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Apr;263(Pt 2):130398. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130398. Epub 2024 Feb 23.

Abstract

Naringin (NR) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) can form a water-soluble complex, but it is unstable. This study aimed to investigate the characterization of the pectin/alginate hydrogel nanoparticles (HNPs) loading HPCD-complexed naringin. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of the HNPs for NR were found to be 79.23 % ± 1.31 % and 23.79 % ± 0.67 %, respectively. HNPs had an average diameter of 409.5 ± 8.5 nm, a PDI of 0.237 ± 0.014, and a zeta-potential of -33.5 ± 0.2. FTIR, XRD, and DSC analysis confirmed that the NR-HPCD complex was embedded into the HNPs. In simulated gastrointestinal digestion, the HNPs exhibited a lower cumulative release rate compared to free NR. In Caco-2 cells, the HNPs were more efficiently transported into the cells. Consequently, the HNPs resulted in a greater decrease in ROS levels, more recovery of mitochondrial membrane potential and higher content of glutathione. This study provided a carrier for encapsulating NR, making it possible for use in food or functional food.

Keywords: Antioxidant activity; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Nanoparticle; Naringin; Pectin.

MeSH terms

  • 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin
  • Alginates
  • Caco-2 Cells
  • Flavanones*
  • Humans
  • Nanoparticles*
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Pectins*

Substances

  • 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin
  • naringin
  • Pectins
  • Alginates
  • Flavanones