Associations between continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics and psycholinguistic measures: a correlational study

Acta Diabetol. 2024 Jul;61(7):841-845. doi: 10.1007/s00592-024-02244-x. Epub 2024 Mar 16.

Abstract

Aim: Recently, the relationship between diabetes and mental health has been widely studied. With the advent of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), some researchers have been interested in exploring the association between glucose-related metrics and psychological aspects. These studies have primarily relied on self-report questionnaires which present some limitations. Therefore, the present multicenter study aims at testing potential associations between CGM metrics and affective processes derived from narratives about using a CGM sensor.

Methods: An exploratory correlational design was used. Fifty-eight adults with type 1 diabetes using CGM were enrolled and invited to complete an online survey, where they replied to an open-ended question regarding their personal experience with the CGM sensor. Texts derived from the answers were analyzed through Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, a widely used text analysis tool that can automatically identify and quantify linguistic patterns related to various psychological dimensions. Psycholinguistic measures were correlated with CGM metrics.

Results: Higher levels of sadness/depression correlated with lower %TIR (r = - 339; p < .01) and higher %TAR (r = .342; p < .01).

Conclusions: The study highlights the relationship between CGM metrics and psychological variables derived from patients' narratives. In particular, it is possible to hypothesize a positive role of %TIR in reducing depressive feelings in individuals with diabetes, as well as a negative role of depressive feelings in achieving desirable CGM outcomes. Additionally, there is a potential role of glycemic variability, particularly hyperglycemia, in the expression of depressive and sad feelings, which has been less studied compared to the effects of hypoglycemia.

Keywords: CGM; Depression; Diabetes; Emotions; Mood; Psychological.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring* / instrumentation
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring* / psychology
  • Blood Glucose* / analysis
  • Blood Glucose* / metabolism
  • Continuous Glucose Monitoring
  • Depression / blood
  • Depression / diagnosis
  • Depression / psychology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Blood Glucose