An Update on the Management of Bone Metastases

Curr Oncol Rep. 2024 Apr;26(4):400-408. doi: 10.1007/s11912-024-01515-8. Epub 2024 Mar 28.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Increasing life expectancy among patients with advanced cancer has placed a greater emphasis on optimizing pain control and quality of life. Concurrently, significant advancements in radiotherapy for bone metastases have permitted for dose escalation strategies such as stereotactic radiotherapy. This review aims to provide updated information on the management of bone metastases in light of these developments.

Recent findings: We reviewed recent studies regarding the role and details of external beam radiotherapy for bone metastases, with emphasis on differences by treatment site as well as intention (palliative versus ablative for oligometastases). Conventional palliative radiotherapy remains a mainstay of management. While stereotactic radiotherapy may augment durability of pain relief and even survival time, there are significant questions remaining regarding optimal dosing and patient selection. Radiotherapy for bone metastases continues to evolve, particularly with increasing use of stereotactic radiotherapy. Future studies are needed to clarify optimal dose, fractionation, modality, and patient selection criteria among different radiotherapy approaches.

Keywords: Bone metastases; Palliation; Radiation; SBRT.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bone Neoplasms*
  • Humans
  • Pain
  • Palliative Care
  • Quality of Life
  • Radiosurgery*