Objective: To explore the relationship between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and the risk of developing hypertension among rural Chinese adults. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2007 to 2008, involving 20 194 adults selected through random cluster sampling from a rural community in Luoyang City, Henan Province. Follow-ups were carried out in 2013-2014 and 2018-2020. After excluding participants with hypertension at baseline, those with missing TyG index data, individuals who passed away during follow-up, and those with incomplete hypertension status at the second visit, 9 802 participants were included in the analysis. Baseline and follow-up assessments included questionnaire interviews, physical measurements (including blood pressure), and blood sample collection for fasting lipid and glucose levels. Participants were divided into four groups according to TyG index quartiles, and a modified Poisson regression model was utilized to assess the association between TyG index quartiles and hypertension risk. Results: The study cohort comprised 9 802 participants with a median age of 48 (39, 57) years, including 3 803 males (38.80%). Participants were distributed across TyG index quartiles as follows: TyG<8.2 group (2 224 individuals), TyG 8.2-8.5 group (2 653 individuals), TyG 8.6-8.9 (2 441 individuals), and TyG≥9.0 (2 484 individuals). Over a follow-up period of (11.1±1.3) years, 3 378 subjects developed hypertension, resulting in a cumulative incidence of 34.46% (3 378/9 802). The risk of hypertension increased with higher TyG index quartiles (Ptrend<0.05). Compared to the TyG<8.2, the TyG 8.2-8.5 (RR=1.11, 95%CI 1.01-1.22, P=0.023), TyG 8.6-8.9 (RR=1.16, 95%CI 1.06-1.27, P=0.023), and TyG≥9.0 (RR=1.20, 95%CI 1.10-1.31, P=0.023) exhibited increased hypertension risk after adjusting for age, gender, educational level, and other potential confounders. Subgroup analyses based on gender and age at baseline yielded results consistent with the main analysis. Conclusions: The TyG index is positively correlated with the risk of developing hypertension in the rural adult population.
目的： 探讨我国农村成年人群中甘油三酯葡萄糖（TyG）指数与高血压发病的关系。 方法： 本研究采用前瞻性队列研究设计，于2007—2008年通过整群随机抽样的方法在河南省洛阳市某农村地区共招募20 194名社区成人为研究对象，排除基线时患高血压者、基线TyG测量指标数据缺失者、随访过程中死亡或高血压结局事件缺失者，最终共纳入9 802名研究对象。分别于2013—2014年和2018—2020年进行2次随访调查。基线和随访调查内容包括问卷调查、体格检查（包括血压测量）和血标本采集（包括空腹血脂及空腹血糖）。计算基线TyG指数，并根据基线TyG指数的四分位数将研究对象分为4组。运用修正泊松回归模型分析不同TyG指数水平与高血压发病的关联强度，并根据研究对象的性别（男/女）和基线年龄（<60岁/≥60岁）进行亚组分析。 结果： 9 802名研究对象的年龄为48（39，57）岁，其中男性3 803名（38.80%）。TyG指数<8.2组、TyG指数8.2~8.5组、TyG指数8.6~8.9组和TyG指数≥9.0组分别有2 224、2 653、2 441、2 484名。随访（11.1±1.3）年，新发高血压3 378例，高血压累积发病率为34.46%（3 378/9 802）。随着TyG指数水平的升高，高血压累积发病率呈上升趋势（Ptrend<0.05）。校正性别、年龄、文化程度等潜在的混杂因素后，与TyG指数<8.2组比较，TyG指数8.2~8.5组（RR=1.11，95%CI 1.01~1.22，P=0.023）、TyG指数8.6~8.9组（RR=1.16，95%CI 1.06~1.27，P=0.023）和TyG指数≥9.0组（RR=1.20，95%CI 1.10~1.31，P=0.023）高血压发病风险显著增加。基于基线性别和年龄的亚组分析结果与主分析结果基本一致。 结论： TyG指数与农村成年人群高血压发病风险呈正向关联。.