Centrality dependency of proton, deuteron, and triton's temperatures in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV

Imran Khan; Abdul Qudus; Moustafa Salouci; Abd Haj Ismail

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55759-2

Centrality dependency of proton, deuteron, and triton's temperatures in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV

Sci Rep. 2024 May 4;14(1):10299. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-55759-2.

Authors

Imran Khan¹, Abdul Qudus^{2

3}, Moustafa Salouci⁴, Abd Haj Ismail⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology, Bannu, KP, 28100, Pakistan. immarwat@yahoo.com.
² Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology, Bannu, KP, 28100, Pakistan.
³ Government Degree College, Serai Naurang, Lakki Marwat, KP, Pakistan.
⁴ Strategic Planning and Institutional Identity Administration, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa, 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. msalouci@kfu.edu.sa.
⁵ College of Humanities and Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, UAE. a.hajismail@ajman.ac.ae.

Abstract

The transverse momentum (p_T) spectra of protons (p), deuterons (d), and tritons (t) in 200 GeV gold-gold (Au + Au) collisions at RHIC are examined across a range of centrality bins using the Levy Tsallis (TS) statistical model. The model's predictions closely match the experimental results from PHENIX (p) and STAR (d and t) Collaborations. Kinetic freeze-out temperatures of hadrons are obtained from particle spectra. The results showed that the kinetic freeze-out temperature decreases as collisions move from center to the periphery. This work found mass-dependent kinetic freeze-out temperatures, heavier particles arrive to the freeze-out phase before lighter ones. Comparison with same data fitted by blast wave function with Tsallis statistics (BWTS) showed that T₀ values are increasing from central to peripheral collisions, while in case of TS function (current analysis) it decreases. This behavior puts a question mark on the reliability of using such functions for temperature extraction.