Clinical observation: Rhythmic and periodic EEG patterns in postanoxic coma can possibly be related to propofol discontinuation

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate whether rhythmic/periodic EEG patterns (RPP) appearing after propofol discontinuation are more likely to be related to the elimination phase of propofol, or are an expression of severe brain damage.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort of comatose postanoxic patients, EEG was assessed one hour before (baseline) and on hour after discontinuation of propofol. Presence and duration of RPP were related to (changes in) EEG background pattern and duration of sedation.

Results: In eleven (of 36 eligible) patients RPP appeared after propofol discontinuation and disappeared in seven of these patients within one hour. A continuous background pattern at baseline and shorter duration of propofol infusion seemed associated with (earlier) spontaneous disappearance of RPP. In ten patients with RPP at baseline, the EEG did not change, and in one patient it changed into burst-suppression.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that RPP after propofol discontinuation could be propofol-related.

Discussion: RPP might be related to propofol discontinuation rather than an expression of severe brain damage, especially in case of, and congruent with, a continuous pattern at the time of propofol discontinuation. This opens a new insight in this phenomenon and its transient nature. In clinical practice, we suggest to consider the timing of propofol discontinuation when assessing the EEG signal in postanoxic patients.

Keywords: Cardiac arrest; EEG; Intensive Care; Postanoxic coma; Propofol; Rhythmic/periodic patterns.