A multicenter retrospective observational NAPOLEON2 study of nanoliposomal irinotecan with fluorouracil and folinic acid in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer

Sci Rep. 2024 May 30;14(1):12422. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-63172-y.

Abstract

Nanoliposomal irinotecan with fluorouracil and folinic acid (NFF) is a standard regimen after gemcitabine-based therapy for patients with unresectable or recurrent pancreatic cancer. However, there are limited clinical data on its efficacy and safety in the real-world. We therefore initiated a retrospective and prospective observational study (NAPOLEON-2). The results of the retrospective part were reported herein. In this retrospective study, we evaluated 161 consecutive patients who received NFF as second-or-later-line regimen. The main endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the other endpoints were response rate, disease control rate, progression-free survival (PFS), dose intensity, and adverse events (AEs). The median age was 67 years (range, 38-85 years). The median OS and PFS were 8.1 and 3.4 months, respectively. The objective response and disease control rates were 5% and 52%, respectively. The median relative dose intensity was 81.6% for nanoliposomal irinotecan and 82.9% for fluorouracil. Grade 3 or 4 hematological and nonhematological AEs occurred in 47 and 42 patients, respectively. Common grade 3 or 4 AEs included neutropenia (24%), anorexia (12%), and leukocytopenia (12%). Subanalysis of patients treated with second-line and third-or-later-line demonstrated no statistical significant difference in OS (7.6 months vs. 9.1 months, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.64-1.35; p = 0.68). In conclusion, NFF has acceptable efficacy and safety profile even in real-world clinical settings. The prospective study is in progress to validate these findings.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Nanoliposomal irinotecan; Pancreatic cancer; Retrospective; Second- or later-line.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil* / administration & dosage
  • Fluorouracil* / adverse effects
  • Fluorouracil* / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Irinotecan* / administration & dosage
  • Irinotecan* / adverse effects
  • Irinotecan* / therapeutic use
  • Leucovorin* / administration & dosage
  • Leucovorin* / adverse effects
  • Leucovorin* / therapeutic use
  • Liposomes*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Fluorouracil
  • Leucovorin
  • Irinotecan
  • Liposomes