Objective: To analyze hepatitis B serologic tests and the current prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among pregnant and postpartum women in China from 2021 to 2023. Methods: Data on managing the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis were retrieved from the National Information System. A positive serum HBsAg test was used to define HBV infection. The χ(2) test was used to compare the coverage rate of the hepatitis B serologic test across different years, in early-stage pregnancy, and the current HBV infection in pregnant and postpartum women. A two-sided P value of <0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference. Results: The coverage rate for hepatitis B serological detection in pregnant (including intrapartum) and postpartum women and early-stage pregnancy rose from 99.68% (10 463 059/10 496 883) and 82.96% (8 707 765/10 496 883) to 99.94% (8 678 777/8 684 387, P < 0.001) and 88.87% (7 717 857/8 684 387, P < 0.001) in China between 2021 and 2023. The current prevalence rate of HBV infection decreased from 4.98% (521 479/10 463 059) in 2021 to 4.56% (396 148/8 678 777) in 2023 among pregnant and postpartum women (P < 0.001). The current prevalence rate of HBV infection ranged from 1.53% to 10.39% among pregnant and postpartum women in various provinces of China in 2023. Conclusion: The coverage rate for hepatitis B serologic tests in China increased significantly between 2021 and 2023 in pregnant and postpartum women. Therefore, the current prevalence rate of HBV infection has decreased significantly in pregnant and postpartum women, but a regional difference still exists.
目的： 分析2021-2023年中国孕产妇乙型肝炎血清学检测和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）现症感染情况。 方法： 数据来自国家预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙型肝炎母婴传播管理信息系统。HBV现症感染被定义为血清HBsAg检测阳性。使用χ(2)检验比较不同年份的孕产妇乙型肝炎血清学检测覆盖率、孕早期乙型肝炎血清学检测覆盖率和孕产妇HBV现症感染率，双侧P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果： 2021-2023年，我国孕产妇乙型肝炎血清学检测覆盖率（包括孕期和产时）和孕早期乙型肝炎血清学检测覆盖率分别从99.68%（10 463 059/10 496 883）和82.96%（8 707 765/10 496 883）上升至99.94%（8 678 777/8 684 387，P< 0.001）和88.87%（7 717 857/8 684 387，P值均<0.001）。孕产妇HBV现症感染率从2021年的4.98%（521 479/10 463 059）下降至2023年的4.56%（396 148/8 678 777，P< 0.001）。2023年，我国各省份孕产妇HBV现症感染率范围为1.53%～10.39%。 结论： 2021-2023年中国孕产妇乙型肝炎血清学检测覆盖率显著提升，孕产妇HBV现症感染率显著下降，但仍存在地区差异。.
Keywords: Epidemiology; Gravida; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Infection; Parturient; Serology.