Perceptions of metabolic syndrome management utilization in relation to patient experience and health-related quality of life

Olajide A Adekunle; Jon C Schommer; Yun S Wang; Ismaeel Yunusa; Marc L Fleming; Enrique Seoane-Vazquez; Lawrence M Brown

doi:10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100457

Perceptions of metabolic syndrome management utilization in relation to patient experience and health-related quality of life

Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2024 May 25:14:100457. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100457. eCollection 2024 Jun.

Authors

Olajide A Adekunle¹, Jon C Schommer², Yun S Wang³, Ismaeel Yunusa⁴, Marc L Fleming¹, Enrique Seoane-Vazquez¹, Lawrence M Brown¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy Chapman, University School of Pharmacy, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA.
² Department of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, University of Minnesota 7-155 Weaver-Densford Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
³ Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618, USA.
⁴ Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences (CPOS), College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter Street, Suite 311L, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.

Abstract

Background: One factor for the poor health outcomes among adult people with metabolic syndrome (MetS) is poor utilization of disease management resources, which may be attributable to prior experience with pharmacists (PEwP) and perceptions of disease management resource utilization (PMU). Therefore, understanding patients' experience could be critical to improving their perceptions and promoting health outcomes.

Objectives: The study explored the influence of PEwP and PMU on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with MetS.

Methods: Data on perceptions of healthcare, medication, and pharmacy services utilization, PEwP, and HRQoL were collected using validated tools via an electronic survey. Chi-square and ordinal regression tests were used to predict the association between PMU, PEwP, and HRQoL. Also, mediation analysis through Haye's model 4 explored the direct and indirect relationship of PMU and PEwP on HRQoL.

Results: A total of 706 completed surveys were collected and used for analyses. On average, respondents reported three comorbidities. Of the respondents, 72.0% had good PEwP, while 32.6% had good PMU. Comparatively, 38.4% of those with good PEwP had good PMU, compared to 17.3% of those with poor PEwP. Also, 47.0% of those with good PMU had good HRQoL compared to 35.3% with poor PMU. The odds of having fair or good PMU were nearly triple (OR = 2.97, p < 0.001) among those with good PEwP compared to those with poor PEwP. Also, respondents with good PMU had 58% (OR = 1.58, p = 0.008) higher odds of having fair or good HRQoL. Analysis through bootstrap indicated a significant relationship (BootCI = -0.072, -0.022) between PEwP and HRQoL via respondents' PMU.

Conclusions: MetS individuals with good experience and PMU were more likely to have good HRQoL. Prior experience with pharmacists influenced PMU and indirectly impacted HRQoL. Therefore, pharmacists must consider patients' experience and management utilization perceptions to promote health outcome among people with MetS, while implementing interventions.

Keywords: HRQoL; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Patients' perceptions; patients' experience.