Objectives: To evaluate the effect of different cement types on the incidence of failure and loss of retention of zirconia and metal-ceramic single crowns (SCs) cemented on implant abutments.
Methods: We placed 567 implant-supported SCs in 358 patients and retrospectively evaluated long-term retention for up to 12.8 years. The frameworks were made from metal alloy (n = 307) or zirconia (n = 260). SCs were cemented with permanent (glass-ionomer cement; n = 376) or semipermanent cement (zinc oxide non-eugenol cement; n = 191) on standardized (n = 446) or customized (n = 121) abutments. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to calculate the incidence of decementation. Differences between survival curves were assessed with log-rank tests. Cox-regression analysis was performed to evaluate multiple risk factors.
Results: Of the 567 SCs, 22 failed because of technical complications and four because of implant loss. Loss of retention was observed in 50 SCs. Analysis revealed a 7% probability of loss of retention for zirconia and 16% for metal-ceramic SCs after 10 years (p = .011). After 5 years, loss of retention was higher for standardized abutments than for customized abutments (p = .014). The probability of loss of retention was higher with semipermanent than with permanent cement (p = .001). Cox-regression analysis revealed semipermanent cement as the only significant risk factor for SC failure (p = .026).
Conclusions: In contrast to semipermanent cement, permanent cement provides acceptable long-term retention of cemented implant-supported SCs. These possible positive effects of customized abutments have to be controlled with larger sample sizes.
Keywords: complications; implant; loss of retention; single crown; zirconia.
© 2024 The Author(s). Clinical Oral Implants Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.