Extended remdesivir administration in haematological patients with malignancies and COVID-19 during the Omicron era: safety and outcomes

J Antimicrob Chemother. 2024 Sep 3;79(9):2364-2368. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkae237.

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the management of haematological patients experiencing prolonged SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding, as the optimal management strategy for this condition remains undetermined.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective evaluation of our prospectively followed cohort of haematological patients treated with remdesivir for more than 10 days. Starting January 2023, upon COVID-19 diagnosis, the treatment strategy was based on symptoms and PCR cycle threshold (Ct) as follows: (i) when Ct was 25 or less or if the patient had symptoms, a course of remdesivir for at least 10 days, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for 5 days (whenever possible) and convalescent plasma was administered; and (ii) when the patient was asymptomatic and had a PCR Ct of more than 25, when possible, a course of 5 days of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was administered. The patient was considered to have achieved viral clearance and, thus, remdesivir was stopped, in either of these cases: (i) PCR negativity, or (ii) subgenomic RNA negativity.

Results: From January to November 2023, 18 patients benefited from a safe extended remdesivir administration, resulting in detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance in a median time of 3.5 weeks (IQR 2.6-3.9) (min-max 1.6-8.0). No clinical or biological side effects were detected. No patient died or needed further treatment for their COVID-19 episode.

Conclusions: The extended course of remdesivir, combined with other active therapies for COVID-19 infection, was well tolerated. Cure and virus negativity were obtained in all these high-risk patients.

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Monophosphate* / administration & dosage
  • Adenosine Monophosphate* / adverse effects
  • Adenosine Monophosphate* / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenosine Monophosphate* / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Alanine* / administration & dosage
  • Alanine* / adverse effects
  • Alanine* / analogs & derivatives
  • Alanine* / therapeutic use
  • Antiviral Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Antiviral Agents* / adverse effects
  • Antiviral Agents* / therapeutic use
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment*
  • COVID-19 Serotherapy
  • COVID-19*
  • Drug Combinations
  • Female
  • Hematologic Neoplasms* / complications
  • Hematologic Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Immunization, Passive
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ritonavir* / administration & dosage
  • Ritonavir* / adverse effects
  • Ritonavir* / therapeutic use
  • SARS-CoV-2* / drug effects
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Virus Shedding* / drug effects

Substances

  • remdesivir
  • Alanine
  • Adenosine Monophosphate
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Ritonavir
  • Drug Combinations