Correlation between serum sex hormone-binding globulin levels and nutrition indicators and malnutrition exposure risk in men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes

BMC Endocr Disord. 2024 Jul 17;24(1):117. doi: 10.1186/s12902-024-01653-x.

Abstract

Background: This study sought to investigate the correlation between serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels and nutrition indicators and the malnutrition exposure risk in men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted, involving patients diagnosed with T2DM at the Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital between May 2018 and December 2019.

Results: The study comprised 551 participants (363 men, mean age of 55.55 ± 11.57 years), among whom 167 (30.31%) were classified as with malnutrition exposure risk (GNRI ≤ 98). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that SHBG (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.05, P < 0.001), glycated hemoglobin (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.22-1.51, P < 0.001), hemoglobin (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.97, P < 0.001), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23-0.73, P < 0.003) were independently associated with the malnutrition exposure risk. SHBG was inversely correlated with body mass index (males: r = -0.34; postmenopausal females: r = -0.22), albumin (males: r = -0.30; postmenopausal females: r = -0.20), transferrin (males: r = -0.28; postmenopausal females: r = -0.19), and prealbumin (males: r = -0.35; postmenopausal females: r = -0.30) (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Serum SHBG levels are correlated with nutritional indicators and the risk of malnutrition in men and postmenopausal women with T2DM. A multicenter prospective study is imperative to verify this result in the future.

Keywords: Cross-sectional study; Malnutrition; Sex hormone-binding globulin; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Malnutrition* / blood
  • Malnutrition* / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Nutritional Status
  • Postmenopause* / blood
  • Prognosis
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin* / analysis
  • Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin* / metabolism

Substances

  • Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin
  • Biomarkers
  • SHBG protein, human