Brazil nut-enriched diet modulates bone mineral density and body composition in an experimental model of chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Objective: This study investigates the effects of a Brazil nut-enriched diet on body composition and bone parameters in CKD animal model.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were assigned to the following groups: Sham (n=8), Nx (n=6), nephrectomized rats, and NxBN (n=6), nephrectomized rats and an enricheddiet with 5% Brazil nut. Body composition parameters were obtained by dual-energy X- ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bioclin kits determined plasmatic calcium. The femurs werecollected to determine absolute mass and length, bone mineral density, and biomechanical tests.

Results: The NxBN group exhibited a higher total body bone mineral density (BMD) value than the Nx group (0.177±0.004g/cm²vs 0,169±0.003g/cm²; p=0.0397). No significant differences were observed regarding absolute mass, length, BMD, and biomechanical parameters in the femurs of the groups. Moreover, no significant differences were found in plasmatic calcium levels among the groups.

Conclusions: Brazil-nut enriched diet modulated BMD in CKD experimental model, and further studies are demanded to understand the pathways involved in this finding.

Keywords: Brazil nut; bone parameters; chronic kidney disease; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.