Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography for the differential diagnosis of porokeratosis from clinical mimickers: a preliminary study

Clin Exp Dermatol. 2024 Nov 22;49(12):1641-1650. doi: 10.1093/ced/llae285.

Abstract

Background: Porokeratosis variants are relatively rare and can be clinically misdiagnosed with several common papulokeratotic mimickers. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a new technology able to explore the skin in vivo up to a depth of 500 µm.

Objectives: To investigate the role of LC-OCT in the diagnosis of many porokeratosis variants in a preliminary study.

Method: In total, 130 LC-OCT images were obtained from 98 patients, 45 affected by a porokeratosis variant (69 images) and 53 with a mimicker condition (61 images).

Results: We found almost perfect interobserver agreement for LC-OCT image interpretation and perfect correspondence with the findings from histological slides. In addition, a series of morphological in vivo and three-dimensional features related to the cornoid lamella were detected by LC-OCT that were not visible from the histology.

Conclusions: This device can be proposed to assist with rapid bedside noninvasive differentiation of porokeratosis variants from their mimickers, possibly sparing incisional biopsy in patients where the diagnosis is uncertain.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Observer Variation
  • Porokeratosis* / diagnosis
  • Porokeratosis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Porokeratosis* / pathology
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence* / methods
  • Young Adult