Recruitment of older adult-caregiver dyads during the COVID-19 pandemic: an example from a study to evaluate a novel activities of daily living (ADL) sensor system

Front Dement. 2023 Oct 19:2:1271754. doi: 10.3389/frdem.2023.1271754. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Under ideal circumstances, recruitment of older adult-caregiver dyads to dementia research is challenging. The COVID-19 pandemic introduced additional barriers to recruitment, necessitating swift adjustments to pre-pandemic recruitment strategies and schedules. This brief research report describes the challenges, yield, and cost of recruiting older adult-caregiver dyads to an 18-month observational research study during COVID-19. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel in-home sensor system at identifying cognitive change in older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) through background monitoring of activities of daily living (ADL). Recruitment methods included flyers distributed alongside home-delivered meals, direct mailings, publicly available brochures, community presentations, periodical advertisements, and various other strategies. Of 510 inquiries, 117 older adult-caregiver dyads were enrolled at a total cost of ~$368,000, yielding an average per dyad recruiting cost of $3,148. Distributing flyers alongside home-delivered meals produced the most dyads (n = 46, 39%) and the least non-labor costs ($24.33) per enrolled dyad. Recruitment during the pandemic exceeded the pre-COVID-19 budget, but enrollment goals were nevertheless achieved through community-based methods. Our experience illustrates the challenge of recruiting older adult-caregiver dyads to dementia research and the value of trusted community partners in recruiting this population. Our strategies and recommendations may benefit researchers who plan to recruit community-based older adults and their caregivers for future dementia research.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; COVID-19; caregiver; community-based; cost; dementia; dyad; recruitment.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was funded by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R44AG065118.