Breast milk dominant phyla and probiotic bacteria in the obese lactating women compared with normal weights

Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 19;14(1):19199. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70070-w.

Abstract

The main purpose was to determine the abundance of dominant phyla, Bifidobacterium spp., and Lactobacillus in breast milk of obese mothers versus normal-weights in fourth month of lactation in Iranian population. Sixty health women at the fourth month of breastfeeding, aged 18-40 years, were included and categorized based on body mass index (BMI) to the obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and normal-weights (18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 24.9). Bacterial DNA was extracted and qPCR of the 16S region was performed after human milk donation in a sterile condition. A multiple linear mixed model was used to determine the effective factors on the phyla population. Bifidobacterium spp. was significantly higher in milk of normal-weight group than the obese. The current weight showed a significant effect on the Actinobacteria abundance in milk. The Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were significantly lower in mother's milk with cesarean section (p = 0.04). Pre-pregnancy obesity decreased the Firmicutes and Lactobacillus abundance in maternal milk (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01). The Actinobacteria and Bifidobacterium spp. showed a significant effect on infant's height (p = 0.008 and p = 0.04). The maternal current and pre-pregnancy weight showed an important effect on abundance of Actinobacteria and Bifidobacterium spp., as the good phyla and genus in milk which are associated with the infant's height.

Keywords: Bacterial phyla; Milk; Obese; Probiotic bacteria.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Bifidobacterium / genetics
  • Bifidobacterium / isolation & purification
  • Body Mass Index
  • Breast Feeding
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Iran
  • Lactation*
  • Lactobacillus / genetics
  • Lactobacillus / isolation & purification
  • Milk, Human* / microbiology
  • Obesity* / microbiology
  • Pregnancy
  • Probiotics*
  • Young Adult