Comparison of Decompressive Craniectomy Versus Craniotomy for Evacuation of Subdural Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

J Surg Res. 2024 Oct:302:593-605. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.07.107. Epub 2024 Aug 23.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute subdural hemorrhage (ASDH) from traumatic brain injury is a life-threatening situation, often requiring surgical intervention. This meta-analysis is done to update the literature regarding the choice of procedure for the treatment of ASDH.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane were searched from the year 2000 up to September 2023. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies were included. The odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) mean difference and standardized mean difference were calculated for dichotomous and continuous outcomes, respectively.

Results: A total of 14 studies comprising 4686 patients were included in the analysis. Pooled Glasgow Outcome Scale/Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale scores were compared based on their means, with the craniotomy (CO) group having better mean scores than decompressive craniectomy (DC) (standardized mean difference -0.37, 95% CI -0.68 to -0.06, P = 0.02). The risk for poor outcomes was statistically greater in the DC group compared to the CO group (1.32, 95% CI 1.05-1.66, P value = 0.02). There were fewer residual subdural hematoma cases in the DC group as compared to CO (odds ratio 0.40, 95% CI 0.22-0.73, P value < 0.005).

Conclusions: Our meta-analysis showed that the ASDH patients had better functional outcomes when treated with CO as compared to DC. However, there were fewer odds of residual subdural hematoma with DC.

Keywords: Acute subdural hemorrhage; Craniotomy; Decompressive craniectomy; Meta-analysis.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review
  • Meta-Analysis
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Brain Injuries, Traumatic / surgery
  • Craniotomy* / methods
  • Decompressive Craniectomy* / methods
  • Decompressive Craniectomy* / statistics & numerical data
  • Glasgow Outcome Scale
  • Hematoma, Subdural, Acute* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Treatment Outcome