Objective: To explore the related factors of anxiety and anxiety tendency in patients with tinnitus. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. Basic information, tinnitus characteristics, and psychological status of patients who complained of tinnitus in the Outpatient Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University between January 2020 and December 2023 were collected. All patients filled out the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and underwent pure tone audiometry testing. According to the SAS scores, patients were divided into three groups: non-anxiety group (SAS<40), anxiety tendency group (40≤SAS<50), and anxiety group (SAS≥50). The related factors of anxiety and anxiety tendency were analyzed using multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 176 patients (57 males and 119 females) aged (49.4±10.7) years (range: 13-76 years)were included, with the onset time of 3 days-37 years. There were 78 cases (44.3%), 65 cases (36.9%) and 33 cases (18.8%) in the non-anxiety group, the anxiety tendency group and the anxiety group, respectively. The duration of disease in the anxiety group [(43.4±15.1) months] was significantly longer than that in the anxiety tendency group [(27.2±5.3) months] and the non-anxiety group [(19.6±3.5) months], with statistically significant differences (both P<0.05). The proportion of female patients in the anxiety group [81.8% (27/33)] and anxiety tendency group [75.4% (47/65)] was significantly higher than that in the non-anxiety group [57.7% (45/78)], and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). The proportion of patients with emotional disorders [12.1% (4/33) vs 2.6% (2/78)], stress [15.1% (5/33) vs 3.9% (3/78)], and sleep disorders [48.5% (16/33) vs 23.1% (18/78)] in the anxiety group was significantly higher than that in the non-anxiety group (all P<0.05). The proportion of patients only had sleep disorders in the anxiety tendency group [38.5% (25/65) vs 23.1% (18/78)] was higher than that in the non-anxiety group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The results of multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis showed that sleep disorders werethe most significant factor affecting anxiety and anxiety tendency in tinnitus patients (OR=2.667, 95%CI: 1.451-4.909, P=0.002). Conclusion: A significant proportion of tinnitus patients exhibit anxiety and anxiety tendency, and sleep disorders play a major role in the development of anxiety and anxiety tendencies in tinnitus patients.
目的： 探讨耳鸣患者焦虑及焦虑倾向的相关因素。 方法： 横断面研究。收集2020年1月至2023年12月复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院耳科门诊主诉耳鸣患者的基本资料、耳鸣特征及心理状态资料，所有患者填写焦虑自评量表（SAS），并进行纯音测听。根据耳鸣患者SAS评分将患者分为无焦虑组（SAS评分<40分），焦虑倾向组（SAS评分40~<50分）及焦虑组（SAS评分≥50分）。采用多因素有序logistic回归分析耳鸣患者焦虑及焦虑倾向的相关因素。 结果： 共纳入176例患者，其中男57例，女119例，年龄13~76（49.4±10.7）岁，发病时间3 d~37年。其中无焦虑组78例（44.3%），焦虑倾向组65例（36.9%），焦虑组33例（18.8%）；焦虑组病程［（43.4±15.1）个月］长于焦虑倾向组［（27.2±5.3）个月］和无焦虑组［（19.6±3.5）个月］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；焦虑组［81.8%（27/33）］和焦虑倾向组［75.4%（47/65）］女性患者比例均高于无焦虑组［57.7%（45/78）］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。焦虑组患者伴有情绪失调［12.1%（4/33）比2.6%（2/78）］、压力［15.1%（5/33）比3.9%（3/78）］和睡眠障碍［48.5%（16/33）比23.1%（18/78）］的比例均高于无焦虑组，而焦虑倾向组仅有睡眠障碍［38.5%（25/65）比23.1%（18/78）］的比例高于无焦虑组（均P<0.05）。多因素有序logistic回归分析结果显示，睡眠障碍是耳鸣患者的焦虑及焦虑倾向的相关因素（OR=2.667，95%CI：1.451~4.909，P=0.002）。 结论： 耳鸣患者中，存在焦虑和焦虑倾向的比例较高，睡眠障碍是耳鸣患者发生焦虑及焦虑倾向的相关因素。.