Portal cavernoma cholangiopathy treated with living donor liver transplantation: a case report and review of the literature

Clin J Gastroenterol. 2024 Dec;17(6):1080-1086. doi: 10.1007/s12328-024-02041-7. Epub 2024 Sep 23.

Abstract

Portal cavernoma cholangiopathy (PCC) is a complex condition associated with portal hypertension, particularly in patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO). Herein, we present a case of liver failure with PCC in a 55-year-old male successfully treated with living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT). The patient had a history of gastrointestinal bleeding and recurrence of cholangitis. Imaging studies confirmed cavernous transformation and pericholedochal varices. Preoperative angiography verified hepatopetal flow in the pericholedochal varix, which facilitated successful anastomosis with the donor's portal vein during LDLT. Histological examination of the explanted liver confirmed vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS) and secondary bile stasis was considered to have caused liver failure. No postoperative complications were observed within 13 months of LDLT. We report the first case of VBDS in the PCC resulting from EHPVO that was successfully managed with LDLT. Careful management of similar cases should involve angiography and long-term postoperative monitoring of portal vein complications.

Keywords: Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction; Liver transplantation; Pericholedochal varix; Portal cavernoma cholangiopathy; Vanishing bile duct syndrome.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bile Duct Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Bile Duct Diseases / etiology
  • Bile Duct Diseases / surgery
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Portal / etiology
  • Hypertension, Portal / surgery
  • Liver Failure / etiology
  • Liver Failure / surgery
  • Liver Transplantation*
  • Living Donors*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Portal Vein* / abnormalities
  • Portal Vein* / diagnostic imaging
  • Portal Vein* / surgery

Supplementary concepts

  • Portal Vein, Cavernous Transformation Of