Discriminative and predictive validity of risk assessment measures for women incarcerated for serious violent offences in Australia

Abstract

Despite the growing population of women in Australian prisons, limited research has explored whether commonly used risk assessments - predominantly developed and tested on men - are valid for women. We investigated the discriminative and predictive validity of the Level of Service Inventory-Revised: Screening Version (LSI-R:SV), Level of Service/Risk, Need, Responsivity (LS/RNR), and the Historical, Clinical, Risk Management 20-Version 3 (HCR-20^v3) for Victorian women imprisoned for serious violence (N = 79). The LS/RNR was related to any, violent, and non-violent recidivism, and both the LSI-R:SV and the H-Scale of the HCR-20^v3 were related to violent recidivism, with the H-Scale demonstrating strong predictive validity for violence. Four LS/RNR needs domains demonstrated discriminative and predictive validity for any and/or violent recidivism (criminal history, family/marital, alcohol/drug problem, antisocial pattern). Findings are locally significant, showing that the LS/RNR and HCR-20^v3 H-Scale are useful for the prediction and discrimination of recidivism for Australian women incarcerated for serious violence.

Keywords: HCR–20V3; LS/RNR; LSI–R:SV; female prisoners; level of service; predictive validity; risk assessment; violence; violent offenders; women.