Accounting for "Hidden Costs": Provider Workload as a Balancing Metric in Evaluating Procedural Innovations

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.
• ² Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
• ³ Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.