Acceptability, engagement, and efficacy of cognitive remediation for cognitive outcomes in young adults with first-episode psychosis and social anxiety: A randomized-controlled trial

Psychiatry Res. 2024 Dec:342:116243. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116243. Epub 2024 Oct 21.

Abstract

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a frequent comorbidity in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and may increase cognitive impairments. Cognitive remediation (CR) is an effective treatment for cognition, particularly in a group format. This study aims to assess the efficacy, acceptability and engagement of group CR on cognitive outcomes in FEP+SAD compared to group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Participants with FEP+SAD were randomized to group CR (n = 45) or CBT-SAD (n = 51). They were assessed for cognition at baseline, post-therapy and 3- and 6-month follow-up. The CR group additionally completed scale to assess perceived competency and enjoyment in CR. Linear mixed models for repeated measures were used for cognitive scores. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to summarize acceptability, perceived competency, and enjoyment, for CR completers and non-completers. The CR group performed significantly better than CBT on executive functions and visual memory at post-therapy compared to baseline. Twenty participants completed CR (44 %; mean 5.5 sessions). At week 1, CR non-completers presented higher levels of perceived competency. Completers reported higher enjoyment scores at the last session compared to the first session. Group CR is effective for cognitive outcomes in FEP+SAD, but acceptability and engagement present a challenge. Future studies are necessary to explore approaches promoting engagement.

Keywords: Cognitive-behavioral therapy; Enjoyment; Perceived competency; Schizophrenia.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy* / methods
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / etiology
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / rehabilitation
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / therapy
  • Cognitive Remediation* / methods
  • Executive Function / physiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care
  • Phobia, Social* / therapy
  • Psychotherapy, Group / methods
  • Psychotic Disorders* / psychology
  • Psychotic Disorders* / therapy
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult