Safe distance from facial nerve for bipolar coagulation in parotid surgery-Animal study

Laryngoscope. 2024 Oct 31. doi: 10.1002/lary.31883. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Objective: Currently no data exist on what distance from facial nerve (FN) it is safe to perform bipolar cautery (BC) in parotid surgery, although frequently performed.

Methods: The degree of damage was measured using continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring (cIONM, NIM™ 3, Medtronic) in 16 Wistar rats. Amplitude drop of at least 50% (A50) or a loss of signal (LOS) in the cIONM was defined as harmful; BC was performed in power range 20-60 W.

Results: BC ≤30 W did not cause LOS (0/14 nerves). When applying 35 W, A50 occurred at 4 mm from FN and LOS was noted in 1 of 5 nerves. BC at a power of 40 to 60 W demonstrated LOS in all nerves (12/12) at a 5 mm distance.

Conclusion: BC up to 30 W can be safely applied up to 3 mm distance from FN. 40 to 60 W should be avoided and used only at a distance of over 6 mm from FN.

Level of evidence: NA/animal study. Laryngoscope, 2024.

Keywords: animal study; bipolar cautery; cIONM; facial palsy; intraoperative neuromonitoring.