Leukotrienes E4 and B4 and vascular endothelium - New insight into the link between vascular inflammation and peripheral arterial

Paweł Maga; Agnieszka Wachsmann-Maga; Aleksandra Włodarczyk; Mikołaj Maga; Krzysztof Batko; Katarzyna Bogucka; Maria Kapusta; Piotr Terlecki

doi:10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200343

Leukotrienes E4 and B4 and vascular endothelium - New insight into the link between vascular inflammation and peripheral arterial

Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev. 2024 Oct 16:23:200343. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200343. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Authors

Paweł Maga^{1

2}, Agnieszka Wachsmann-Maga^{1

2}, Aleksandra Włodarczyk¹, Mikołaj Maga², Krzysztof Batko³, Katarzyna Bogucka², Maria Kapusta⁴, Piotr Terlecki⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Angiology, Medical Faculty, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
² Clinical Department of Angiology, University Hospital in Krakow, Poland.
³ Department of Research and Design, Medicine Economy Law Society (MELS) Foundation, Krakow, Poland.
⁴ Department of Diagnostics, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
⁵ Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.

Abstract

Leukotrienes are proinflammatory mediators that participate in the process of atherogenesis and contribute to the development of symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. The aim was to evaluate the relationship between leukotriene E4 (LTE4) and B4 (LTB4) with parameters reflecting endothelial vascular function in patients with chronic lower limb ischemia. This prospective observational study enrolled 50 consecutive patients undergoing endovascular treatment due to chronic lower limb ischemia (Rutherford 3). All participants were followed-up for one year (after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months), with a sequential assessment of urinary LTE4 and LTB4, as well as measures of endothelial and vascular function: Flow-Mediated Dilatation (FMD), Intima-Media Thickness (IMT), corrected Augmentation Index (AI75), Shear Rate (SR), Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI), Toe-Brachial Index (TBI). There was a significant relationship between LTE4 and measures of vascular function: FMD (R2 = 0.69, P < 0.001), IMT (R2 = 0.12, P < 0.01), AI75 (R2 = 0.43, P < 0.001), SR (R2 = 0.48, P < 0.001). Similar findings were noted for LTB4: FMD (R2 = 0.47, p < 0.001), IMT (R2 = 0.23, P < 0.001), AI75 (R2 = 0.61, P < 0.001) and SR (R2 = 0.33, P < 0.001). Alterations in parameters were significantly related: ΔLTE4 vs ΔFMD(R2 = 0.63, P < 0.001), ΔSR (R2 = 0.42, P < 0.001) and ΔLTB4 vs AI75(R2 = 0.40, P < 0.001), SR(R2 = 0. 29, P < 0.001). We conclude, that increasing concentrations of LTE4 and LTB4 are associated with impairment of vascular and endothelial function, which may lead to worse endovascular treatment clinical outcomes.

Keywords: Endothelium; Leukotrienes; Peripheral arterial disease; Vascular inflammation.