Objective: To examine the relationship between the expressions of mismatch repair proteins, MutS homolog 2 (MSH2) and MutS homolog 6 (MSH6), and villin and the pathological features in patients with colon cancer.
Methods: A total of 310 cases of colon cancer patients who were treated at our hospital between January 2017 and September 2021 were selected. The diagnosis of colon cancer of all patients was verified by pathological evaluation. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the protein expressions of MSH2, MSH6, and villin. The correlation between the expressions of MSH2, MSH6, and villin and the clinicopathological parameters in patients with colon cancer was analyzed accordingly. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between the expressions of MSH2, MSH6, and villin and the clinicopathological parameters of colon cancer. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare the 2-year survival rates of colon cancer patients with different expression levels of the proteins.
Results: Among the 310 patients with colon cancer, the negative expression rates of MSH2, MSH6, and villin proteins in cancer tissues were 8.71% (27/310), 9.35% (29/310), and 46.13% (143/310), respectively. The negative expression rates of the three proteins in tissues adjacent to cancer were 3.23% (10/310), 4.19% (13/310), and 9.68% (30/310), respectively. The negative expression rates of the three proteins in cancer tissues were all higher than those in adjacent tissues (P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that the expression of MSH2 and MSH6 in cancer tissues was correlated with the age, the location of tumor lesions, tumor differentiation degree, and lymph node metastasis in colon cancer patients (P<0.05). The expression of villin in the cancer tissue is correlated with the depth of tumor infiltration, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and clinical staging status in colon cancer patients (P<0.05). The 2-year survival rates of patients with negative expressions of MSH2 and MSH6 were 51.85% and 44.83%, respectively, which were lower than those of patients with positive expression of MSH2 and MSH6 (79.51% and 80.43%, P<0.05). Thirteen patients (4.1%) had negative expression of MSH2, MSH6, and villin (referred to as "triple negative expressions") in the cancer tissues, and their 2-year survival rate was 30.77%, which was lower than that of colon cancer patients who did not meet the criteria for triple negative expressions (79.12% [235/297], P<0.05).
Conclusion: The expressions of MSH2, MSH6, and villin are closely correlated with the pathological features of colon cancer patients. Evaluating the expression of the three proteins may assist in the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of colon cancer.
目的: 探究结肠癌患者错配修复蛋白MutS同系物（MutS homolog, MSH）2、MSH6、绒毛蛋白（villin）表达及与病理特征的关系。
方法: 选取我院2017年1月–2021年9月经病理确诊的310例结肠癌患者，采用免疫组化法检测MSH2、MSH6和villin表达，分析MSH2、MSH6、villin表达与结肠癌患者临床病理特征的相关性。应用多因素logistic回归分析MSH2、MSH6、villin表达与结肠癌临床病理参数的相关性，用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线比较不同蛋白表达情况的结肠癌患者2年生存率。
结果: 患者癌组织中的MSH2、MSH6和villin蛋白阴性表达率分别为8.71%（27/310）、9.35%（29/310）和46.13%（143/310）；癌旁组织中的3种蛋白阴性表达率分别为3.23%（10/310）、4.19%（13/310）和9.68%（30/310），3种蛋白在癌组织中的阴性率均高于癌旁组织（P<0.05）。回归分析显示：癌组织中MSH2及MSH6的表达与结肠癌患者年龄、肿瘤病灶位置、肿瘤分化程度和淋巴结转移相关（P<0.05）；癌组织中villin表达与结肠癌患者肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、远处转移、临床分期相关（P<0.05）。MSH2、MSH6阴性表达患者2年生存率分别为51.85%、44.83%，低于MSH2、MSH6阳性表达的患者（79.51%、80.43%，P<0.05）；癌组织中villin阴性表达的患者2年生存率为67.83%，低于villin阳性表达患者（85.03%，P<0.05）。癌组织中的MSH2、MSH6、villin均阴性表达（简称“三阴表达”）的患者有13例（4.1%），其2年生存率为30.77%（4/13），低于不符合三阴表达的结肠癌患者〔79.12%（235/297），P<0.05〕。
结论: MSH2、MSH6、villin表达与结肠癌患者临床病理特征相关，检测这3种蛋白表达可能有利于辅助临床进行结肠癌诊治及预后评估。
Keywords: Colon cancer; Mismatch repair protein MutS homolog 2; Mismatch repair protein MutS homolog 6; Pathological characteristics; Villin.
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