Prognostic utility of dynamic changes in epicardial adipose tissue in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Int J Cardiol. 2025 Jan 15:419:132697. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132697. Epub 2024 Nov 10.

Abstract

Background: Epicardial Adipose Tissue (EAT) volume is associated with the risk of cardiovascular events, which can be assessed by cardiac computed tomography. However, he optimal method and their prognostic utility in patients following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is unknown.

Methods: We evaluated 258 participants, focusing on changes in EAT volume using cardiac CT enhancement. EAT volume was automatically computed as three-dimensional voxels between -190 to -30 HU on contrast-enhanced slices. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the association of various clinical parameters and EAT volume indices with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Results: During a median follow-up of 2.0 years [IQR, 1.8-2.3 years], 34 participants (median age 73 [IQR: -13.1 to -8.3) years, 55.4 % male) experiencing MACE. The optimal cutoff values for EAT volume change fraction (EATVCF) was 15.2 %, determined by the Youden-index. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis revealed that patients with high EATVCF were at higher risk (p < .01). In Cox regression, EATVCF (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.92, 95 % CI: 0.87 to 0.97, p = .001) remained significantly associated with MACE after adjusting for clinical factors. The addition of EATVCF to the clinical model increased the net Reclassification Improvement (NRI) by 30.1 % (95 % CI: 0.07-1.16).

Conclusion: EAT volume change fraction emerged as a significant predictor of MACE post-TAVR, highlighting the clinical value of EAT volume assessment in cardiovascular risk stratification.

Keywords: Aortic valve disease; Cardiac CT enhancement; Epicardial adipose tissues; Transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue* / diagnostic imaging
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis* / surgery
  • Epicardial Adipose Tissue
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pericardium* / diagnostic imaging
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement* / adverse effects
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement* / methods