Detection and genetic characterization of multidrug-resistant staphylococci isolated from public areas in an international airport

Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 12;14(1):27738. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79447-3.

Abstract

The environmental realm has been acknowledged as a pivotal arena for the emergence and propagation of antimicrobial resistance. To further explore insight into antimicrobial resistance dynamics beyond clinical and veterinary settings, we embarked on an environmental surveillance initiative targeting the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria within the bustling confines of an international airport in Japan. Our findings illuminate a high prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (46.3%) on frequently contacted surfaces in the public domain. Notably, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and S. epidermidis emerged as the preeminent carriers of the mecA gene. Intriguingly, we encountered a virulent strain of livestock-associated MRSA harboring a PVL-positive ST1232 clone, CC398 lineage. Further scrutiny unveiled a repertoire of resistance mechanisms, the methicillin-resistant isolates exhibited two or more resistance genes conferring resistance against different types of antibiotics, including beta-lactams, macrolides, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, and fosfomycin. Revealing multidrug-resistant CoNS and a LA-MRSA across various surfaces in urban public areas unearths a looming public health hazard. Thus, implementation of molecular surveillance is imperative, augmenting our capacity for early detection and mitigation of the insidious spread and potential transfer of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors amidst urban settings, notably within pivotal nodes such as airports.

Keywords: mecA gene; International airport; LA-MRSA; Methicillin-resistant staphylococci; Public areas; Whole genome sequencing.

MeSH terms

  • Airports*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* / drug effects
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* / genetics
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* / isolation & purification
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Staphylococcal Infections / epidemiology
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology
  • Staphylococcus / drug effects
  • Staphylococcus / genetics
  • Staphylococcus / isolation & purification

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins