To analyze the positivity rate and titer of antinuclear antibody (ANA), as well as nuclear pattern and target antigen of ANA in healthy pregnant women during early pregnancy in Qingdao area. A prospective cohort study design was used to include a total of 9 528 healthy pregnant women registered at the Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University from March 2023 to June 2024.Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF) was used to detect ANA, its titer and cell staining pattern. Fifteen specific antibodies were tested using the magnetic bar code immunofluorescent luminescence method. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of pregnancy with autoimmune disease(AID). The results showed that among 9 528 pregnant women in early pregnancy, 1 346 cases (14.1%) were positive of ANA, including 1 011 cases with a titer of 1∶100 (10.6%), 236 cases (2.5%) with a titer of 1∶320, and 99 cases (1.0%) were detected at a titer >1∶320. Among the 1 346 ANA-positive pregnant women, nuclear granular type accounted for the highest proportion (483 cases, 35.9%), followed by speckled type (347 cases, 25.8%) and cytoplasmic type (176 cases, 13.1%).Then, pregnant women with ANA titers ≥1∶100 were detected 15 specific antibodies.Anti-SSA was tested in 121 cases accounted for the majority, followed by 110 cases with anti-Ro-52, 56 cases with anti-SSB, 51 cases with anti-mitochondrial M2 subtype antibodies and 37 cases with anti-centromere B. In conclusion,in healthy pregnant women in Qingdao area, ANA positivity rate was 14.1%, and the titer of ANA was mainly at 1∶100.The predominant nuclear patterns were nuclear granular and speckled types.The specific autoantibodies were mainly anti-SSA antibodies and anti-Ro-52 antibodies.The detection of ANA and specific autoantibodies is of great significance for early prediction, diagnosis, and intervention of autoimmune diseases during pregnancy.
探讨青岛地区健康孕妇人群妊娠早期抗核抗体（ANA）阳性率，以及ANA阳性滴度、荧光核型和靶抗原分布情况。采用前瞻性队列研究设计，对2023年3月至2024年6月在青岛大学附属妇女儿童医院建卡的9 528名妊娠8~13周的孕妇，采用间接免疫荧光法（IIF）检测ANA，同时报告滴度及荧光核型；磁条码免疫荧光发光法检测15项特异性自身抗体。采用logistic回归模型分析妊娠合并自身免疫性疾病（AID）的危险因素。结果显示，9 528名孕妇妊娠早期ANA阳性1 346例（14.1%），其中滴度1∶100为1 011例（10.6%），占比最高；滴度1∶320检出236例（2.5%）；滴度>1∶320检出99例（1.0%）。1 346例ANA阳性孕妇中，细胞核颗粒型占比最高（483例，35.9%），其次为细胞核致密斑点型（347例，25.8%）和胞浆型（176例，13.1%）。对ANA滴度≥1∶100的孕妇进一步检测15项特异性自身抗体，检出抗SSA抗体阳性121例、抗Ro-52抗体阳性110例、抗SSB抗体阳性56例、抗线粒体M2（AMA-M2）亚型抗体阳性51例、抗着丝点蛋白B（CENP-B）抗体阳性37例。综上，在青岛地区健康孕妇人群中，ANA阳性率为14.1%，滴度主要集中在1∶100，荧光核型主要为细胞核颗粒型和细胞核致密斑点型。相应的特异性自身抗体主要是抗SSA抗体与抗Ro-52抗体。ANA及特异性自身抗体的检测对妊娠期AID病的早期预测、诊断和干预具有重要意义。.