Increasing diversity in neuroimaging research: Participant-driven recommendations from a qualitative study of an under-represented sample

Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2024 Dec:70:101474. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101474. Epub 2024 Nov 5.

Abstract

Enhancing the generalizability of neuroimaging studies requires actively engaging participants from under-represented communities. This paper leverages qualitative data to outline participant-driven recommendations for incorporating under-represented populations in neuroimaging protocols. Thirty-one participants, who had participated in neuroimaging research or could be eligible for one as part of an ongoing longitudinal study, engaged in semi-structured one-on-one interviews (84 % under-represented ethnic-racial identities and low-income backgrounds). Through thematic analysis, we identified nine relevant research practices from participants' reports, highlighting aspects of their experience that they appreciated and suggestions for improvement: (1) forming a diverse research team comprising members with whom participants can interact as equals; (2) increasing accessibility to research by providing transportation and flexible scheduling; (3) providing family-oriented spaces; (4) enriching the campus visits to include optional on-campus activities to connect with the University; (5) developing safe strategies to accommodate participants with tattoos during the MRI; (6) incorporating engaging and interactive tasks during neuroimaging sessions; (7) providing small gifts, such as a picture of one's brain, in addition to financial compensation; (8) sharing research findings with the research participants; and (9) fostering long-term bidirectional relationships. The findings may be used to develop best practices for enhancing participant diversity in future neuroimaging studies.

Keywords: FMRI; Neuroimaging study design; Participant diversity; Qualitative interviews.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cultural Diversity
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuroimaging* / methods
  • Qualitative Research*
  • Young Adult