The Values-Based Psychopathology of Antoni Kępiński (1918-1972)

Psychopathology. 2024 Nov 18:1-9. doi: 10.1159/000541688. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Background: The question of the role of personal values in the constitution of and recovery from mental illness is a divisive subject discussed in contemporary psychopathology. This article critically examines the psychopathological theories and contributions of Antoni Kępiński - a seminal yet internationally under-recognized Polish psychiatrist.

Summary: Drawing upon a multilayered framework incorporating biological, affective-emotional, and sociocultural dimensions, Kępiński posited mental disorders as disturbances in the energy and information metabolism with the environment leading to an increase in entropy. Kępiński's work also contributes to a richer understanding of schizophrenia (whose essence he metaphorically described as the plasma membrane rupture) and the complexities inherent in the decision-making processes of patients. In a quasi-phenomenological vein, Kępiński encouraged to re-evaluate delusions and hallucinations as opportunities to access unfiltered insights into reality. He also argued for the potential for moral growth within psychiatric treatment.

Key messages: Kępiński's theories anticipated many concepts now foundational in neuroscientific research and clinical psychiatry, showcasing his role as a forward-thinking figure in the history of the profession.

Keywords: Autopoiesis; Conscience; Decision-making; Entropy; History of medicine; Phenomenology; Psychiatric illness; Psychopathology; Schizophrenia.

Publication types

  • Review