Clinical Outcomes of Transcatheter Mitral Valve-In-Valve and Valve-In-Ring Implantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2025 Jan;105(1):219-238. doi: 10.1002/ccd.31299. Epub 2024 Nov 20.

Abstract

Background: Transcatheter valve-in-valve (VIV) or valve-in-ring (VIR) therapies for degenerated mitral bioprosthetic valves and rings are still evolving. We aimed to characterize short- and long-term outcomes of these procedures.

Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted to retrieve articles describing mitral VIV or VIR implantation with at least 10 patients. Meta-analysis of proportions was carried out for 30-day or in-hospital outcomes of mortality, stroke, major bleeding, transfusion, acute kidney injury, procedural success, valve embolization, paravalvular leak, pacemaker implantation, and hospital stay. Individual patient data meta-analysis using Kaplan-Meier curve reconstruction was used to estimate long-term mortality of VIV, VIR and redo surgical mitral valve replacement (SMVR).

Results: We analyzed 34 studies (7047 patients). Pooled procedural success was 94.8% in VIV and 80.5% in VIR. Pooled short-term mortality and stroke risk was 6.4% and 1.9% respectively in VIV, 9.1% and 1.6% respectively in VIR, and 8.4% and 5.5% respectively in SMVR.

Conclusions: This study provides prognostic information on clinical outcomes for redo SMVR and transcatheter mitral VIV and VIR implantation.

Keywords: annuloplasty rings; degenerated bioprostheses; meta‐analysis; mitral valve; transcatheter mitral valve implantation.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review
  • Meta-Analysis

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Bioprosthesis*
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / adverse effects
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / instrumentation
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / mortality
  • Female
  • Heart Valve Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Valve Diseases / mortality
  • Heart Valve Diseases / physiopathology
  • Heart Valve Diseases / surgery
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / instrumentation
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / mortality
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mitral Valve* / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve* / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve* / surgery
  • Postoperative Complications* / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications* / therapy
  • Prosthesis Design*
  • Prosthesis Failure
  • Recovery of Function
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome