Background: Sarcopenia has a negative impact on the number of populations. The frequency of sarcopenia in polytrauma patients, however, is little understood. Knowing how many people face a bad outcome will raise awareness and help stop additional muscle mass loss.
Aim: This pilot study's objectives included determining prevalence of the low mass of muscle in the aged patients of poly-trauma and examining the links between complications, low muscle mass, death, and the inflammatory response.
Method: All polytrauma patients who were seen between 2017 and 2021 at the level-I trauma centre were included in the data from the regional perspective registry of trauma. The computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen's availability and the height in the subjects was screened to determine the skeletal mass index (SMI), which is utilised to calculate the sarcopenia. Additionally, factors of clinical outcome were evaluated. A multivariate regression analysis was conducted if parameters related to a poor result were found through a univariate analysis.
Results: Sarcopenia was prevalent in 33.5 percent of the population overall, but in older age groups (60-79 years), it was significantly more prevalent, reaching to 82 percent in the individuals over the 80 years old. The ISS (Injury severity score) where the p=0.026, age where the p<0.0001, the CCI (Charlson comorbidity index) where the p=0.001, injury severity score, and the 30-day or the in-hospital mortality were all associated with sarcopenia. The Injury Severity Score (ISS) is a medical scoring system to assess trauma severity based on the extent of injuries in various body regions. Sarcopenia was discovered to be a predictor of the 30-day mortality by log rank analysis (p=0.032).
Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that polytrauma patients had a significant prevalence of sarcopenia, which increased with age. Additionally, sarcopenia was found to be the predictor of the 30-day death, highlighting clinical importance of finding the low muscle mass on the CT-scan, which was already regularly performed on the majority of patients of trauma.