Aplastic anemia, mental retardation, and dwarfism syndrome (AMeDS) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only possible treatment option for hematological complications in AMeDS; however, there are no reports addressing allo-HSCT for AMeDS. A 6-year-old female diagnosed with AMeDS accompanying myelodysplastic syndrome with increased blast was successfully treated with cord blood transplantation followed by myeloablative conditioning (MAC). A novel ADH5 c.1101-3C>G variant detected in this patient was demonstrated to be a null variant causing several patterns of alternative splicing in ADH5 gene. MAC might be feasible and effective in AMeDS.
Keywords: ADH5; ALDH2; AMeD syndrome; MDS.
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