Exploring how children and adolescents talk about coping strategies relating to loneliness using reflexive thematic analysis: a qualitative study

Front Psychiatry. 2024 Nov 15:15:1462189. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1462189. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: The prevailing view is that loneliness predominantly affects older adults. However, awareness of high rates of loneliness among younger populations is growing, prompting a call for interventions. The current study aimed to listen to the voices of young people regarding how they cope with loneliness, gaining a better understanding of how to then develop tailored interventions.

Methods: Thirteen Arts-based focus groups were conducted with 74 participants (8-18 years old), in London, Manchester, and South Yorkshire. Reflexive thematic analysis was utilised.

Results: We developed six themes as follows: (1) "Determinants of the coping approach for loneliness", (2) "Considerations to guide decision making", (3) "Coping strategies to alleviate loneliness", (4) "Social connection as a coping strategy for loneliness - considerations", (5) "Being active in your own coping success", and (6) "Worsening loneliness, coping strategies gone wrong".

Conclusions: Participants described a partially sequential process in choosing coping strategies for loneliness, including effective and maladaptive choices. Effective strategies were highlighted, reflecting developmental stages with the need for self-motivation. Participants noted challenges in engaging in coping due to skill deficits. These findings are crucial for developing interventions specific to this population.

Keywords: adolescents; children; coping strategies; loneliness; qualitative; youth.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This project utilised data from a bigger project funded by UK Research and Innovation (MR/X002381/1). The first author is also in receipt of a full-time PhD studentship funded by the Kavli trust (Kavli2021-0000000019), taking place at the University of Manchester. The Kavli Trust and UKRI did not play a role in study design, data collection, analysis, or reporting.