Epidemiology of aortic and peripheral arterial diseases in France

Abstract

Background: Peripheral arterial diseases (PADs) account for much of the morbidity and hospitalizations experienced by patients with cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological data on these diseases are lacking in France.

Aims: To describe the epidemiology of aortic diseases (aneurysm and dissection) and PADs in France in 2022.

Methods: This study was carried out using the National Health Data System. Patients hospitalized with these diseases in 2022 and patients who died from these diseases in 2021 were selected. The prevalence of aortic diseases and PADs among people alive on 1 January 2023 was estimated from previous hospitalizations and registered long-term disease. Mortality and secondary treatment were examined in the year following hospitalization.

Results: In 2022, there were 68,702 patients hospitalized in France for a lower extremity artery disease (LEAD), 9083 for abdominal aortic aneurysm and 9027 for dissection or aneurysm of a medium-sized artery (standardized rates: 112.6, 15.0 and 15.5 per 100,000, respectively). The standardized prevalences of these diseases were 1.23%, 0.17% and 0.22% of adults, respectively. Regional and social disparities in the age-standardized rates of hospitalized patients were observed. One-year mortality ranged from approximately 11% for patients hospitalized for thoracic aortic aneurysm or medium-sized artery dissection/aneurysm to 27.0% for aortic dissection. The proportions of patients hospitalized due to LEAD who were being treated with antiplatelet or lipid-lowering drugs 1 year after the index hospitalization were 86.6% and 75.9%, respectively.

Conclusion: The burden of aortic diseases and PADs is considerable in France and mortality remains high for ruptured aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection.

Keywords: Aortic aneurysms; Epidemiology; France; Lower extremity artery disease; Medium-sized artery dissection; Peripheral arterial diseases.