Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (PNLH) is a rare pulmonary lymphoproliferative disease characterized by the absence of specific clinical and imaging features. Consequently, diagnosis relies heavily on postoperative pathological examination, which often leads to preoperative misdiagnosis. Here, we report an atypical case of PNLH in a 57-year-old female patient who was admitted to hospital after a pulmonary nodule was discovered during a routine physical examination two days earlier. Chest CT scan revealed a mixed ground-glass nodule in the apicoposterior segment of the left upper lobe, with lobulation and spiculation. These imaging findings initially suggested a diagnosis of pulmonary malignancy. However, pathological examination and IgH gene rearrangement analysis of the resected tissue ultimately confirmed the diagnosis of PNLH.
肺结节性淋巴组织增生（PNLH）是一种肺内少见的淋巴组织增生性疾病，其临床和影像学上没有特定征象，诊断很大程度上取决于术后病理检查，因此术前易误诊。本文报道1例非典型的PNLH病例：患者女，57岁，因体检发现肺结节2 d入院。胸部CT显示左肺上叶尖后段混合磨玻璃结节，可见分叶、毛刺，基于此影像特征初步诊断考虑为肺部恶性肿瘤。术后切除组织行病理学及IgH基因克隆性重排检测分析，最终诊断为PNLH。.