Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the rapid identification of fosfomycin resistant and sensitive strains of E. coli

Urwa Shahid; Nosheen Rashid; Muhammad Rizwan Javed; Muhammad Irfan Majeed; Mashkoor Mohsin; Haq Nawaz; Riffat Seemab; Muhammad Zohaib; Mubashar Alam; Abdulrahman Alshammari; Norah A Albekairi; Hira Shafique; Habiba Shahid

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2024.125517

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the rapid identification of fosfomycin resistant and sensitive strains of E. coli

Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2024 Nov 30:329:125517. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.125517. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
² Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
³ Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan. Electronic address: rizwan@gcuf.edu.pk.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan. Electronic address: irfan.majeed@uaf.edu.pk.
⁵ Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan. Electronic address: mashkoormohsin@uaf.edu.pk.
⁶ Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
⁷ Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
⁸ Department of Physics and Biophysics Interdepartmental Group, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
⁹ Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

PMID: 39671815
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.125517

Abstract

Development of rapid detection and discrimination technique for the antibiotic resistant and sensitive bacterial strains is required for this purpose, Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique is considered to have great potential. To develop a fast and sensitive detection and discrimination methodology based on SERS technique along with chemometric tools for the differentiation among fosfomycin sensitive and resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. In this research work, three E. coli strains resistant to fosfomycin with three fosfomycin sensitive E. coli strains were characterized in which silver nanoparticles were employed as SERS substrate. Moreover, MATLAB 7.8 (2009a) was used for the preprocessing, baseline correction and normalization of SERS spectra. Using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA), several E. coli strains were identified on the basis of their distinctive SERS spectral properties. The differentiating SERS spectral features which can be associated with the resistance and sensitivity against fosfomycin antibiotic, are obtained by comparing mean SERS spectrum of strains of resistant E. coli with sensitive E. coli strains. Chemometric techniques, such as principal components analysis, have been proven effective for qualitative analysis. Additionally, PLSDA was employed to classify the SERS spectra acquired from the pellets of several bacterial strains. SERS is a useful analytical method for quickly differentiating between E. coli strains that are sensitive to fosfomycin and those that are resistant to it.

Keywords: Fosfomycin; Partial least square discriminant analysis; Resistant and Sensitive Strains of E. coli; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.