Differential linea alba width in pediatric umbilical hernias: a comparative analysis

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between linea alba width and unclosed pediatric umbilical hernias.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients with pediatric umbilical hernias persisting beyond the age of 2, from April 2014 to March 2021. Additionally, data from children who underwent computed tomography (CT) for other conditions or injuries, such as diarrhea or traffic accidents, were collected from April 2010 to March 2022. The width of the linea alba was measured using ultrasonography in pediatric hernia patients and CT in children without umbilical hernias. Measurements were taken at five levels on the axial plane: at the level of the umbilicus and 1.5 cm and 3 cm above and below the umbilicus.

Results: The analysis included 191 children without hernias and 30 patients with unclosed hernias, all aged between 2 and 7 years. The linea alba width was significantly wider in children with unclosed hernias than in children without hernias at all five measurement points (p < 0.05). The disparity was more pronounced below the umbilicus. However, no significant differences in width were observed across different age groups among children without hernias.

Conclusion: Children with umbilical hernias exhibited wider linea albae. It is hoped that these results will contribute to modifications in surgical techniques and enhance understanding of the pathophysiology in patients with umbilical hernias.

Keywords: Computed tomography; Diastasis recti; Linea alba width; Pediatric umbilical hernia; Ultrasonography.