Objectives: To examine the proportion and trends of cervical adenocarcinoma in cervical cancer (ICC), mainly including cervical adenocarcinoma (CADC) and squamous cervical cancer (SCC) in China, and to analyze the distribution of human papilloma virus (HPV) in CADC and SCC. Methods: Published studies reporting HPVs distribution in various histological types or relative proportions of CADC in ICC in China were identified manually and searched systematically in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library databases, CNKI and Wanfang since the databases were established until October 2022. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software. And we applied the random-effects models to estimate the combined effect values due to the high heterogeneity. Results: Twenty-three studies were eligible. The relative prevalence of CADC was 9.0% (95% CI, 7.7%-10.3%). According to the diagnosis time of ICC, the patients were divided into three time periods, which is 1979-2005, 2006-2011, 2012-2022 respectively. The prevalence of CADC by time was: 6.0% in 1979-2005, 8.1% in 2006-2011, and 9.5% in 2012-2022, respectively, with no statistically significant trend in proportions over time (χ2=5.03, P=0.081). Meanwhile, the percentage of CADC also varies by regions, and the highest percentage of CADC was found in the eastern region (11.2%), followed by the western region (7.3%) and the central region (5.9%). The total prevalence of HPV infection in CADC was 72.3%, which was lower than 92.0% in SCC, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=300.89, P<0.01). To be specific, the top three HPV types prevalent in CADC were HPV18 (45.0%), HPV16 (22.0%), and HPV52 (7.3%), and those prevalent in the SCC were HPV16 (64.2%), HPV52 (5.6%), HPV18 (5.4%). The results of the Egger's test, and Begg's test showed that there was no publication bias in this study and sensitivity analysis showed that the results of this study were fairly stable. Conclusions: The proportion of CADC in China has increased in a limited way in the past decades, and there are regional differences in the proportion of CADC. The predominant type is HPV18 in CADC and HPV16 in SCC. To eliminate the limitations of the secondary literature, a multicenter study with consistent diagnostic levels and identical HPV genotyping tests is still needed in the future to better characterize the relative proportion of cervical adenocarcinoma and the trend of HPV changes, which will provide a basis for the improvement of HPV vaccine and screening policies.
目的: 研究中国宫颈腺癌(CADC)在宫颈癌[主要包括CADC和宫颈鳞状细胞癌(SCC)]中的构成比及变化趋势,分析人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)在CADC及宫颈SCC中的分布情况。 方法: 利用Medline、Embase、Cochrane、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台检索自建库至2022年10月已发表的有关中国CADC构成比或宫颈癌主要病理组织学类型HPV感染情况的原始研究文献。采用Stata 16.0软件进行Meta分析,选择随机效应模型对数据进行合并。 结果: 有23项符合条件的研究被纳入。研究合并后结果显示,CADC的构成比为9.0%(95% CI:7.7%~10.3%)。1979—2005年CADC构成比为6.0%,2006—2011年CADC构成比为8.1%,2012—2022年CADC构成比为9.5%,构成比随时间变化趋势差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.03,P=0.081)。东中西部地区之间,东部地区CADC构成比最高(11.2%),其次是西部地区(7.3%),再次为中部地区(5.9%)。CADC中HPV感染的总感染率为72.3%,低于宫颈SCC中HPV感染的总感染率(92.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=300.89,P<0.01)。CADC中排名前3位的HPV感染亚型为HPV18(45.0%)、HPV16(22.0%)和HPV52(7.3%),而宫颈SCC中排名前3位的HPV感染亚型为HPV16(64.2%)、HPV52(5.6%)和HPV18(5.4%)。敏感性分析显示结果较稳定,Egger和Begg's检验结果(P>0.05)表明研究不存在发表偏倚。 结论: 在纳入文献涉及到的时间段内,我国CADC的构成比上升有限,CADC的构成比存在地区间差异。CADC中HPV最主要的感染类型是HPV18,宫颈SCC中最主要的感染类型则是HPV16。.