Phytochemical Characterization, Prooxidant, Antiproliferative And Anti-inflammatory Potential of Meyna spinosa Roxb. ex Link Ripe Fruit

Chem Biodivers. 2024 Dec 23:e202402342. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202402342. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

This study highlights the prooxidant, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory potential of ripe Meyna spinosa Roxb. ex Link fruit extracts. Chemical analysis by HRMS and AAS identified compounds like ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, lupeol, betulin, scopoletin, phloroglucinol, secoxyloganin, etc and micro-elements like iron, copper, zinc, and manganese. Antioxidant assays (DPPH, FRAP, metal chelation, ROS) revealed that the Meyna spinosa ethyl acetate extract (MSEA) had higher phenolic (37.83 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (60.22 mg QE/g DW) content, showing strong antioxidant activity (IC50 of 7.5 µg/mL), while the Meyna spinosa methanolic extract (MSM) exhibited higher FRAP activity (39.666μg AAE/g DW). Prooxidant activity was demonstrated through Trolox and NADH oxidation. Both extracts exhibited antiproliferative effects in A549 and MCF7 cancer cells with an increase in concentration and time. Anti-inflammatory effects were observed by reductions in NO, COX-2, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 and THP-1 cells. Nitrite levels reduced from 23.778 µM to 5.222µM, COX-2 levels from 51.136µg/mL to 9.581µg/mL, IL-6 levels from 62.728ng/ml to 13.463pg/mL, and TNF-α level from 474.890pg/mL to 143.115pg/mL. In vivo, MSEA reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema by 23.45%.

Keywords: Meyna spinosa, medicinal plant, bioactive compounds, phenolics, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, oxidative stress.