Clinical characteristics and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Abstract

To analyze the clinical characteristics of cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and identify risk factors for predicting the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in SLE patients. Clinical data of 110 SLE patients were randomly selected from the Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province clinical medical record database, including 50 patients with cardiovascular disease and 60 patients without. Clinical data, blood biochemistry indicators, antibody detection results, and complement levels were collected. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the efficacy of these differential indicators in predicting the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in SLE patients. Univariate logistic regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that anti-ribosomal P protein, RNP/sm, IgG, IgM, serum creatinine, uric acid, and lipoprotein a were independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease in SLE patients (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting cardiovascular disease in SLE patients using IgG was 0.67, with low sensitivity of 44% and high specificity of 88.48%. The AUC for predicting cardiovascular disease in SLE patients using IgM was 0.67, with sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 55.17%. The AUC for predicting cardiovascular disease in SLE patients using serum creatinine was 0.73, with sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 78.33%. The AUC for predicting cardiovascular disease in SLE patients using uric acid was 0.69, with sensitivity of 52% and specificity of 81.67%. The AUC for predicting cardiovascular disease in SLE patients using lipoprotein a was 0.96, with high sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 91.67%. Levels of anti-ribosomal P protein, RNP/sm, IgG, IgM, serum creatinine, uric acid, and lipoprotein A are significantly altered in SLE patients with cardiovascular disease. These indicators can be used to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease in SLE patients.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Logistic regression analysis; Receiver operating characteristic curve; Systemic lupus erythematosus.