A novel strain of Leishmania braziliensis harbors not a toti- but a bunyavirus

PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024 Dec 27;18(12):e0012767. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012767. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Abstract

Leishmania is a genus of the family Trypanosomatidae that unites obligatory parasitic flagellates causing a variety of vector-borne diseases collectively called leishmaniasis. The symptoms range from relatively innocuous skin lesions to complete failures of visceral organs. The disease is exacerbated if a parasite harbors Leishmania RNA viruses (LRVs) of the family Pseudototiviridae. Screening a novel isolate of L. braziliensis, we revealed that it possesses not a toti-, but a bunyavirus of the family Leishbuviridae. To the best of our knowledge, this is a very first discovery of a bunyavirus infecting a representative of the Leishmania subgenus Viannia. We suggest that these viruses may serve as potential factors of virulence in American leishmaniasis and encourage researchers to test leishmanial strains for the presence of not only LRVs, but also other RNA viruses.

MeSH terms

  • Bunyaviridae / classification
  • Bunyaviridae / genetics
  • Bunyaviridae / isolation & purification
  • Humans
  • Leishmania braziliensis* / genetics
  • Leishmania braziliensis* / isolation & purification
  • Orthobunyavirus / classification
  • Orthobunyavirus / genetics
  • Orthobunyavirus / isolation & purification
  • Orthobunyavirus / physiology
  • Phylogeny
  • RNA Viruses / classification
  • RNA Viruses / genetics
  • RNA Viruses / isolation & purification

Grants and funding

This work was primarily supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (https://gacr.cz) (GACR 24-10009S to V.Y.). Additional funding was provided by the European Union Operational Program ‘‘Just Transition” (https://www.mzp.cz/en/operational_programme_just_transition) (LERCO CZ.10.03.01/00/22_003/0000003 to V.Y.). P.V. was funded by the project National Institute of Virology and Bacteriology under the program EXCELES/ NextGenerationEU (https://msmt.gov.cz/vyzkum-a-vyvoj-2/program-exceles-komponenta-5-1-narodniho-planu-obnovy) (LX22NPO5103) and S.H. was funded by the Research Foundation Flanders (https://www.fwo.be) (G092921N). The funders played no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.